CORALS 4 KIDS

Dictionary
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Asexual Reproduction: The process of copying one individual's genetic information and forming a new individual clone of the parent organism (ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION Definition & Usage Examples | Dictionary.Com, n.d.).
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Bacteria: a one-celled organism that can cause disease, but also be beneficial to other organisms (Bacteria | Cell, Evolution, & Classification | Britannica, n.d.).
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Calcium Carbonate: A solid substance that is used by mollusks and corals to grow skeletons and shells for protection (Calcium Carbonate | Formula, Uses, Names, & Facts | Britannica, n.d.).
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Cell: The smallest unit of life that is responsible for life's processes (Cell | Definition, Types, Functions, Diagram, Division, Theory, & Facts | Britannica, n.d.).
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Chromatophores: color-changing cells that contain pigment (Chromatophore | Biological Pigment | Britannica, n.d.).
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Crustacean: an organism that mainly consists of having a protective covering of chitin, a segmented body, and segmented legs. These arthropods often live in or around water (Crustacean | Definition, Characteristics, Evolution, & Facts | Britannica, 2023).
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Dispersants: a liquid or gas that is used to make another chemical disperse and break down (Definition of DISPERSANT, n.d.).
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Ecology: the study of organisms and their relationships with each other and their world (Ecology, n.d.).
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Endangered: at risk of extinction (Endangered Definition & Meaning | Britannica Dictionary, n.d.).
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Fragmentation: the process of breaking apart into smaller chunks or pieces (FRAGMENTATION Definition | Cambridge English Dictionary, n.d.).
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Invert: put upside down or reverse order, arrangement, or position (Invert Definition & Meaning | Britannica Dictionary, n.d.).
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Invertebrates: a group of organisms that have no backbone. Most species have developed protective coverings like shells and hard external skeletons, and some have no skeleton at all (Invertebrate | Definition, Characteristics, Examples, Groups, & Facts | Britannica, n.d.).
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Medusa: bell-shaped or umbrella form of jellyfish represented in the phylum Cnidaria (Medusa | Sea Creature, Marine Life, Tentacles | Britannica, n.d.).
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Organism: A living thing such as a plant, bear, mushroom, or even bacteria (Editors, 2016).
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Oxygen: a colorless, odorless gas that is the life-giving component of air and water. It is also an element on the periodic table (Oxygen | Discovery, Symbol, Properties, Uses, & Facts | Britannica, n.d.).
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Photosynthesis: the process in which plants use the sun's energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into food (Photosynthesis | Definition, Formula, Process, Diagram, Reactants, Products, & Facts | Britannica, n.d.).
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Phylum: a taxonomic category that is used to define different types of organisms (Phylum Definition & Meaning | Britannica Dictionary, n.d.).
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Planula: free-swimming larval stage of development for corals, jellyfish, and anemones (Planula | Cnidarian Larvae, Polyp Development & Embryonic Development | Britannica, n.d.).
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Population: The number of one specific species in a given area (Population Ecology | Definition, Characteristics, Importance, & Examples | Britannica, n.d.).
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Sedimentation: the process in which dirt or sediment collects on top of coral reefs. This process usually occurs near the mouths of rivers or where other bodies of water can pick up sediment (WAPA - What Is Sedimentation?, n.d.).
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Sexual Reproduction: the process of combining genetic material from two different sexes to form a new individual (Sexual Reproduction | Definition, Process, & Plants | Britannica, n.d.).
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Species: a group of organisms that can reproduce with one another (Species Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster, n.d.).
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Symbiotic Relationship: an ongoing interaction between two different species in an environment (Symbiosis | Definition, Types, & Facts | Britannica, 2023).
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Zygote: a fertilized egg that will begin to grow and change into an organism (Zygote | Definition, Development, Example, & Facts | Britannica, n.d.).
For Educators and Parents:
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References
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ABC Science (Director). (2016, February 9). Crown of Thorns Starfish | Coral reef killers. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-tG60zUFW-A
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Adaptation | Definition, Examples, & Facts | Britannica. (n.d.). Retrieved November 19, 2023, from https://www.britannica.com/science/adaptation-biology-and-physiology
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Arthropod | Definition, Examples, Characteristics, Classes, Groups, & Facts | Britannica. (2023, November 9). https://www.britannica.com/animal/arthropod
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ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION Definition & Usage Examples | Dictionary.com. (n.d.). Retrieved November 19, 2023, from https://www.dictionary.com/browse/asexual-reproduction
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Bacteria | Cell, Evolution, & Classification | Britannica. (n.d.). Retrieved November 19, 2023, from https://www.britannica.com/science/bacteria
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BBC Earth (Director). (2021, July 17). Amazing Clownfish Teamwork | Blue Planet II | BBC Earth. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rn6R4ncd2OU
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Black-band disease in the Florida Keys | U.S. Geological Survey. (n.d.). Retrieved October 31, 2023, from https://www.usgs.gov/centers/spcmsc/science/black-band-disease-florida-keys
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Calcium carbonate | Formula, Uses, Names, & Facts | Britannica. (n.d.). Retrieved November 19, 2023, from https://www.britannica.com/science/calcium-carbonate
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Caribbean Reef Octopus—Oceana. (n.d.). Retrieved October 31, 2023, from https://oceana.org/marine-life/caribbean-reef-octopus/
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Cell | Definition, Types, Functions, Diagram, Division, Theory, & Facts | Britannica. (n.d.). Retrieved November 19, 2023, from https://www.britannica.com/science/cell-biology
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Cervino, J. M., Thompson, F. L., Gomez-Gil, B., Lorence, E. A., Goreau, T. J., Hayes, R. L., Winiarski-Cervino, K. B., Smith, G. W., Hughen, K., & Bartels, E. (2008). The Vibrio core group induces yellow band disease in Caribbean and Indo-Pacific reef-building corals. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 105(5), 1658–1671. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.03871.x
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Chromatophore | biological pigment | Britannica. (n.d.). Retrieved November 19, 2023, from https://www.britannica.com/science/chromatophore
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Cloud .Tube (Director). (2017, September 23). The Coral and the Algae. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JENUAv0w8Q4
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Clownfish | National Geographic. (2011, May 10). Animals. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/fish/facts/clownfish
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Clownfish Facts. (n.d.). Great Barrier Reef Foundation. Retrieved October 31, 2023, from https://www.barrierreef.org/the-reef/animals/clownfish
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Crown-of-thorns Starfish—Oceana. (n.d.). Retrieved October 31, 2023, from https://oceana.org/marine-life/crown-thorns-starfish/
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Crustacean | Definition, Characteristics, Evolution, & Facts | Britannica. (2023, November 9). https://www.britannica.com/animal/crustacean
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Definition of DISPERSANT. (n.d.). Retrieved November 19, 2023, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/dispersant
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Ecology. (n.d.). Retrieved November 4, 2023, from https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/ecology/
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Editors, B. D. (2016, December 6). Organism—Definition, Types and Examples. Biology Dictionary. https://biologydictionary.net/organism/
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Endangered Definition & Meaning | Britannica Dictionary. (n.d.). Retrieved November 19, 2023, from https://www.britannica.com/dictionary/endangered
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Fisheries, N. (2021, February 11). Fibropapillomatosis and Sea Turtles – Frequently Asked Questions | NOAA Fisheries (National). NOAA. https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/national/marine-life-distress/fibropapillomatosis-and-sea-turtles-frequently-asked-questions
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FRAGMENTATION definition | Cambridge English Dictionary. (n.d.). Retrieved November 19, 2023, from https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/fragmentation
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Great Barrier Reef Mass Bleaching Event. (n.d.). Retrieved October 31, 2023, from https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/149666/great-barrier-reef-mass-bleaching-event
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Green Moray Eel. (n.d.). Oceana. Retrieved October 31, 2023, from https://oceana.org/marine-life/green-moray-eel/
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Gulf of Mexico Dead Zone. (n.d.). Retrieved November 7, 2023, from https://www.nature.org/en-us/about-us/where-we-work/priority-landscapes/gulf-of-mexico/stories-in-the-gulf-of-mexico/gulf-of-mexico-dead-zone/
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How Do Oil Spills Affect Coral Reefs? | response.restoration.noaa.gov. (n.d.). Retrieved October 31, 2023, from https://response.restoration.noaa.gov/about/media/how-do-oil-spills-affect-coral-reefs.html
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How is climate change affecting coral reefs? (n.d.). Retrieved November 7, 2023, from https://floridakeys.noaa.gov/corals/climatethreat.html
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Hurricanes: Friend or foe to coral reefs? (n.d.). Retrieved November 4, 2023, from https://floridakeys.noaa.gov/whatsnew/around/2012/hurricanes.html
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Invert Definition & Meaning | Britannica Dictionary. (n.d.). Retrieved November 19, 2023, from https://www.britannica.com/dictionary/invert
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Invertebrate | Definition, Characteristics, Examples, Groups, & Facts | Britannica. (n.d.). Retrieved November 19, 2023, from https://www.britannica.com/animal/invertebrate
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Invertebrates | NOAA Fisheries. (n.d.). Retrieved November 4, 2023, from https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/invertebrates
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Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation (Director). (2015, March 25). Coral: What Does it Eat? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tZuxZdG6TfM
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KSLOF Coral Reef Education: Free Coral Life Cycle Course. (n.d.). Living Oceans Foundation. Retrieved October 31, 2023, from https://www.livingoceansfoundation.org/education/portal/course/life-cycle/
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Lamb, J. B., Willis, B. L., Fiorenza, E. A., Couch, C. S., Howard, R., Rader, D. N., True, J. D., Kelly, L. A., Ahmad, A., Jompa, J., & Harvell, C. D. (2018). Plastic waste associated with disease on coral reefs. Science, 359(6374), 460–462. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aar3320
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Medusa | Sea creature, Marine life, Tentacles | Britannica. (n.d.). Retrieved November 19, 2023, from https://www.britannica.com/science/medusa-invertebrate-body-type
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NASA Astrobiology. (n.d.). Retrieved November 19, 2023, from https://astrobiology.nasa.gov/education/alp/characteristics-of-life/
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Octopuses, facts and information. (n.d.). Retrieved October 31, 2023, from https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/invertebrates/facts/octopus-facts
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Oxygen | Discovery, Symbol, Properties, Uses, & Facts | Britannica. (n.d.). Retrieved November 19, 2023, from https://www.britannica.com/science/oxygen
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Pacific, A. of the. (n.d.). Pacific Cleaner Shrimp. Retrieved October 31, 2023, from https://www.aquariumofpacific.org/onlinelearningcenter/species/pacific_cleaner_shrimp
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Parrotfish | Animals | Monterey Bay Aquarium. (n.d.). Retrieved October 31, 2023, from https://www.montereybayaquarium.org/animals/animals-a-to-z/parrotfish
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Pederson’s Cleaner Shrimp. (n.d.). Lamar.Edu. Retrieved November 4, 2023, from https://www.lamar.edu/arts-sciences/biology/study-abroad-belize/marine-critters/marine-critters-3/perdersons-cleaner-shrimp.html
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Photosynthesis | Definition, Formula, Process, Diagram, Reactants, Products, & Facts | Britannica. (n.d.). Retrieved November 19, 2023, from https://www.britannica.com/science/photosynthesis
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Phylum Cnidaria | manoa.hawaii.edu/ExploringOurFluidEarth. (n.d.). Retrieved October 31, 2023, from https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/biological/invertebrates/phylum-cnidaria
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Phylum Definition & Meaning | Britannica Dictionary. (n.d.). Retrieved November 19, 2023, from https://www.britannica.com/dictionary/phylum
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Planula | Cnidarian Larvae, Polyp Development & Embryonic Development | Britannica. (n.d.). Retrieved November 19, 2023, from https://www.britannica.com/science/planula
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Plastic pollution facts and information. (2019, June 7). Environment. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/article/plastic-pollution
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Population ecology | Definition, Characteristics, Importance, & Examples | Britannica. (n.d.). Retrieved November 19, 2023, from https://www.britannica.com/science/population-ecology
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Red Slime Algae (RSA) or Red Band Disease (RBD). (n.d.). Aquarium Coral Diseases. Retrieved October 31, 2023, from http://aquariumcoraldiseases.weebly.com/red-slime-algae-rsa-or-red-band-disease-rbd.html
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Runoff. (n.d.). Retrieved November 4, 2023, from https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/runoff/
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Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale. (n.d.). Retrieved October 31, 2023, from https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/aboutsshws.php
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Sexual reproduction | Definition, Process, & Plants | Britannica. (n.d.). Retrieved November 19, 2023, from https://www.britannica.com/science/sexual-reproduction
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Species Definition & Meaning—Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Retrieved November 19, 2023, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/species
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Stony Coral Tissue Loss Disease (SCTLD)—Coral Disease & Health Consortium. (n.d.). Retrieved October 31, 2023, from https://cdhc.noaa.gov/coral-disease/characterized-diseases/stony-coral-tissue-loss-disease-sctld/
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Symbiosis | Definition, Types, & Facts | Britannica. (2023, November 10). https://www.britannica.com/science/symbiosis
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TED-Ed (Director). (2020, August 4). The big-beaked, rock-munching fish that protect coral reefs—Mike Gil. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rI9yUJl00Ik
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US Department of Commerce, N. O. and A. A. (n.d.-b). What is coral bleaching? Retrieved November 7, 2023, from https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/coral_bleach.html
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WAPA - What is Sedimentation? (n.d.). Retrieved October 31, 2023, from https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/npswapa/Park/Natural/DirtReef/Sediment.htm
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What is Ocean Acidification? (n.d.). Retrieved October 31, 2023, from https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/acidification.html
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What is the difference between a hurricane and a typhoon? (n.d.). Retrieved November 4, 2023, from https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/cyclone.html
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Zygote | Definition, Development, Example, & Facts | Britannica. (n.d.). Retrieved October 31, 2023, from https://www.britannica.com/science/zygote